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Abstract Introduction: Some parameters used to diagnose sarcopenia and functional autonomy disorders can lead to interpretation and classification errors. Objective: To analyze sarcopenia markers and their relationship with the strength and gait of physically active older women aged between 55 and 76 years. Materials and Methods: Analytical observational study conducted in 178 physically active Colombian women who were distributed in two age groups (group 1: 55-66 years, n=98, and group 2: 67-76 years, n=80). A multiple linear regression model was used to establish possible correlations between strength and gait indicators (dependent variables) and body composition (independent variables). Results: Fat mass and appendicular mass (appendicular lean/height2(kg/m2)) explained power variance in the lower limbs in group 1 (G1) (SJ: p=0.001, R 2=0.56; CMJ: p=0.001, R 2=0.51; CM-JAS: R 2=0.60, p=0.001). Similar results were observed in group 2 (G2) (SJ: R 2=0.32, DWi=2.14; CMJ: R 2=0.51, DW2=2.38; CMJAS: R 2=0.41, DW3=2.56). Furthermore, fat mass explained variance in gait pattern in G1 and G2 differently (G1: p=-0.006; R 2=20%; G2: p=-0.001; R 2=29%). Conclusion: Recording fat and appendicular mass allow studying negative changes in lower limb strength and their effect on gait pattern, as well as identifying the type of sarcopenia and functional autonomy disorders in physically active Colombian women aged 55 to 76 years.
Resumen Introducción. Algunos parámetros empleados para diagnosticar sarcopenia y alteraciones en la autonomía funcional pueden llevar a errores de clasificación e interpretación. Objetivo. Analizar marcadores de sarcopenia y su relación con la fuerza y marcha de mujeres físicamente activas con edades entre 55 y 76 años. Materiales y métodos. Estudio observacional analítico realizado en 178 mujeres colombianas físicamente activas distribuidas en dos grupos (grupo 1: 55-66 años, n=98 y grupo 2: 67-76 años, n=80). Se utilizó un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple para establecer las posibles correlaciones entre los indicadores de fuerza y marcha (variables dependientes) y la composición corporal (variable independiente). Resultados. En el grupo 1 (G1) la masa grasa y la masa apendicular/altura2 explicaron la varianza de la potencia en miembros inferiores (SJ: p=0.001, R 2=0.56; CMJ: p=0.001, R 2=0.51; CMJAS: R 2=0.60, p=0.001). Similares resultados se observaron en el grupo 2 (G2) (SJ: #2=0.32, DWi=2.14; CMJ: R 2=0.51, DW2=2.38; CMJAS: R 2=0.41, DW3=2.56). Además, la masa grasa explicó, de manera diferenciada, la varianza en el G1 y G2 respecto al patrón de marcha (G1: p=-0.006, R 2=20°%; G2: p=-0.001, R 2=29%). Conclusión. Los registros de masa grasa y apendicular permiten estudiar los cambios negativos en la fuerza de miembros inferiores y su efecto sobre el patrón de marcha, así como identificar el tipo de sarcopenia y alteraciones en la autonomía funcional en mujeres colombianas físicamente activas entre 55 y 76 años.
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The identification of social network factors associated with gait speed may offer different perspectives for improving community and clinical interventions for older adults. The objective of this study was to explore the associations of the social network of friends with gait speed. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a sample of 128 older adult women recruited in community groups of physical activity. Clinical screening, social network questions, body composition evaluation, and gait speed test were applied to the participants. Logistic regression models were used to analyze associations between characteristics of the social network of friends and high gait speed. Findings indicated that social isolation was not associated with high gait speed and that popularity and proportion of friends with high gait speed were significantly associated with high gait speed. Findings suggested that there was a relationship between social network factors and the ability to perform high gait speed.
